Specimens
examined and literature records.
Afghanistan
/ Afganistán: Afghanistan
(cf. Zhang
& Tzvelev,
1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Algeria
/ Argelia:
"Also
in northern Africa" (cf.
Kreutz,
1995:
88).
Armenia:
"Caucas.
[Caucasus]"
(Steudel,
1841: 30, sub O.
cumana);
"Caucasi"
(cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub O.
cumana);
t.
691 f. 926 ["Caucaso: Blume, ex herb. cl.Trevirani"]
(cf. Reichenbach,
1829: 45);
"in
Caucaso a
Blume lectae herbarii Treviraniani"
(cf. Reichenbach,
1862: 107).
Azerbaijan
/ Azerbaiyán / Azərbaycan: "In
Tatarisch
[Tatarstan,
Russia]-Grusien
[Georgia]
und Schirwan [Shirvan, Azerbaijan] auf Beifuss
[Artemisia],
500-800'
hoch." (cf.
K. Koch, 1849: 670);
"Territorium
Caucasi: f. 4 (! Helenendorf [Goygol
/ Xanlar / Chanlar / Elenendorf] prope
Jelisawetpol [Ganja /
Gəncə / Yelizavetpol]...)" (cf.
Beck,
1890:
145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana).
Australia
[unconfirmed]:
Australia (cf.
Carter
& Cooke, 1994: 586 "potential agricultural weeds in southern
Australia"; Kreutz,
1995:
88; Škorić
& al. 2010: 64).
Bulgaria:
"Bulgarien: bei Varna (nach Davidoff, Prinoss za izont. fl. Varn. XXI
[1905]), in der Stara Plan, bei Dragoman in 800 m Seehöhe (F.A. Novak!)." (cf.
Beck,
1930:
123,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
A
new physiological race of broomrape ...
observed in Varna
... wild host (Artemisia maritima L. [A.
maritima auct. non L. = A.
santonicum L.])...
(cf.
Petrov, 1968; Encheva
& Shindrova, 1994: 621);
Bulgaria (cf.
Petrov, 1970;
Greuter
& al.,
1989: 258,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana;
Encheva
& Shindrova, 1994: 619, "From its first appearance in 1935 ["in
the norteast of Bulgaria"] the parasite has been the constant companion of
sunflower ... According to Knyazkov (1950), the severest attacks were recorded
in the northeast of Bulgaria (the regions of Varna, Shumen, Provadia";
Shindrova,
1994:
145 f. 1; Gagne,
1998; Shindrova,
2006);
"Parasitizing
sunflower in Bulgaria" (cf. L.J. Musselman, sub
O.
cernua. SIUC,
accessed 4 Mar. 2006).
China:
"Ku pei Ku (f. 4 leg. Wawra)" (cf.
Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana; Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana;
Tzvelev,
1981: 451,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana),
"Dzhungaria-Kashgaria" [Dzungaria
- Kashgar, Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region]; "Gansu,
Hebei, W Jilin, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang" (cf. Zhang
& Tzvelev,
1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
China (cf. Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009).
France
/ Francia
[unconfirmed]: "northward
to southern France"
(cf.
Kreutz,
1995:
88).
Georgia: "Caucas.
[Caucasus]"
(Steudel,
1841: 30, sub O.
cumana);
"Caucasi"
(cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub O.
cumana);
"ad fl.
Terek [Terek River]!
(Steven pl. exs.)]..." (cf. C.F. Ledebour,
1841-1853: 322, sub O.
cumana);
"In Tatarisch
[Tatarstan,
Russia]-Grusien
[Georgia]
und Schirwan [Shirvan, Azerbaijan] auf Beifuss [Artemisia],
500-800'
hoch." (cf.
K. Koch, 1849: 670);
"Territorium
Caucasi: f. 4 (... Tatuni, Tiflis [Tbilisi])"
(cf.
Beck,
1890:
145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana);
"bei Tiflis [Tbilisi],
Tatuni δ"
(cf. Beck, 1930: 124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
Georgia, May 2001 by G.
Schneeweiss, sub
var.
cumana on its host Artemisia meyeriana
[Asteraceae]. SIUC,
accessed 4 Mar. 2006).
Greece
/ Grecia
Crete
/ Creta: "Cr"
(cf. Greuter
& al.,
1989: 258,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana);
"Kriti with Karpathos, Kasos & Gavdhos" (cf.
Domina
& Raab-Straube, 2010, sub O.
cumana).
inicio
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Hungary
/ Ungria: Hungary
(cf. Barina
& al., 2005).
India:
"Central
Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry,
Andhra Pradesh, India,
C.A. Raju s.n. (LE)"
(cf. Schlauer
& al., 2003, loc. class. of
O. cernua subsp. rajahmundrica);
"One of the worst phanerogramous parasites of crop plants known.
Occurs on tobacco in many areas in India. Known by different names in different
parts of India such as 'malle1 in Andhra Pradesh and 'tokra' in North
India" (photo
by Integrated Pest
and Diseases Management Expert Advisory System,
accessed 24 Dec. 2010).
Iran
/ Irán: "bei Urumia
[Urmia / Orumieh,
West
Azerbaijan Province] δ
(cf. Beck,
1930:
124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
"Persia: W: Azerb.: Khvoy [Khoy
/ Khoi / Khuy,
West
Azerbaijan Province], Assadi in Rech. 44380.
E: Khor.: 30 km W. Bojnurd [North
Khorasan Province] versus Shahabad, 800 m, Rech. 55552" (cf.
297, sub O.
cernua var. cumana
f.
holosepala);
"Persia: W: Ham.: Aq Bolagh-e Aqdaq
[Hamadan / Hamedān
Province],
2000 m, Rioux & Golv. AB-392" (cf.
297, sub O.
cernua var. cumana
f.
tenuisepala);
Iran (cf. Tzvelev,
1981: 451,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana).
Iraq:
"Syria:
in deserto Singarae [Singar]..."
(f. 4 leg. Haussknecht!)" (cf.
Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana);
"Wüste Singara [Singar]"
(cf.
Beck, 1930:
124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Israel
and Palestinian territories [Palestine / Palestina]:
Israel:
Israel (cf. Joel,
1988;
Ish-Shalom-Gordon
& al., 1993; Eizenberg
& al., 2004); "Bet-Dagan Experimental Station (coastal plain) ...
Kibbutz Hasolelim (lower Galilee)" (cf. Ish-Shalom-Gordon
& al.,
1994);
"with
host (Helianthus
annuus), Bet
She'an, Haré Gilboa (Is), 22-5-1984" (Kreutz,
1995:
91!);
photo,
"Kibbutz Bet Hashita Valley of Jesrael" by R.
Jacobsohn, Agricultural
Research Organization, accessed, 29 Jan. 2011).
Palestine
/ Palestina: "Hosts:
... irrigated vegetable crops in Lower Jordan
Valley and Arava Valley
[Arabah / HaArava / Wādī'Araba / Aravah, Great
Rift Valley]" (cf.
Feinbrun-Dothan,
1978:
213,
sub O.
cernua).
inicio
/ top of page
Italy
/ Italia
[unconfirmed]: "southern
Italy"
(cf.
Kreutz,
1995:
88).
Jordan
/ Jordania:
"Hosts:
... irrigated vegetable crops in Lower Jordan
Valley and Arava Valley
[Arabah / HaArava / Wādī'Araba / Aravah, Great
Rift Valley]" (cf.
Feinbrun-Dothan,
1978:
213,
sub O.
cernua); Al-Khateeb
& al., 2003.
inicio
/ top of page
Kazakhstan
/ Kazakstan / Kazajistán:
"Hab. in deserto soongoro - kirghisico [Soongoro-Kirghisici (Dzungaria
- Kashgar)] occidentali
hinc inde in locis argillosis atque in locis sabulosis ad ripam rivuli
Tschaganka [Tschuganka] versus radicem montis Tschingistau [Tschingistan] [Eastern Kazakhstan
/ Kazakstan]" (cf. C.F. Ledebour,
Ic. Pl. Fl. Ross. 4: 25 t.
390. 1833, loc. class. of
Orobanche
bicolor
C.A. Mey.; Reuter,
1847: 32, sub Orobanche cernua
var. bicolor);
"Sibiriae altaicae deserto soongoro - kirghisico! (Fl. Alt., Karel. et
Kiril [Karel. et
Kiril Enum. pl. Fl. alt. No. 675])" (cf. C.F. Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 3: 321. 1841-1853);
"Native
of Altaia, in the Soongarian desert, in argillaceous and sandy soil, on the
banks of the river Tschunganka,
towards the foor of Mount Tschingistan" (cf.
Don,
1838:
631,
sub O. bicolor);
"Sibir.
alt. [Altaic Siberia]" (cf. Steudel, 1841: 230,
sub O. bicolor); "ad
flum. Lepsa in Soongaria, in salsis inter Usunbulak et Gorkoipiket (Karelin et
Kiriloff!") (cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub Orobanche cernua
var. bicolor);
"Siberia
altaica: in deserto soongoro - kirghisico
[Soongoro-Kirghisici, Eastern Kazakhstan /
Kazakstan]
m. Alatau! (Schrenk pl. exs.)" (cf. C.F. Ledebour,
1841-1853: 322, sub O.
cumana);
"Songhoria:
f. 4 ad fl. Lepsa inter Usunbulak et Gorkoi picket (Karelin et Kiriloff), inter
Kocksu et Karatul, prope Tarba-gatai, Alakul et Saduk et prope Dschisdy-King
(leg. Schrenk)" (cf. Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana);
"Shungurei:
bei Alakulj (Bienert)" [Songaria
/ Soogaria / Zhungaria
/ Dzungaria,
Kazakhstan
/ Kazakstan]"
(cf.
Beck,
1930:
128,
loc. class. of
O.
cernua var. cumana
f.
holosepala);
"Turkestan / Türkistan"
(cf.
Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
Kazakhstan
(cf. Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Kyrgyzstan
/ Kirguistán: Kyrgyzstan (cf. Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var.
cumana).
Moldova
/ Moldavia: "Bessarabia"
(cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub O.
cumana);
"Podolia
[Podilia / Podillya /
Поділля
/
Подолье)
australi a Bessero indicata"] (cf.
Reichenbach,
1862: 107, sub O.
cumana);
Moldova (cf. Sharova, 1968); "Ju" (cf.
Greuter
& al.,
1989: 258,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana);
"in
1981, 230 flowers of the parasite were registered on one plant in Komrat [Conrat,
Gagauzia]
district of Moldova in some sunflower fields"
(cf. Yakutkin,
2003-2009).
Mongolia:
"Mongolia: f. 4: Oasis Nija 1500 m, Oasis Keria, in decliv. N. Thianschan, prope Zaidam (leg. Przewalski)"
(cf.
Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana; Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana;
Mongolia
(Tzvelev,
1981: 451, sub O.
cernua subsp.
cumana;
Zhang
& Tzvelev,
1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Morocco
/ Marruecos: "Also
in northern Africa" (cf.
Kreutz,
1995:
88).
Nepal:
Nepal (cf.
Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Romania
/ Rumanía: "Rumänien:
δ
Lacul sarat bei Braila, im August (Prodan) und in der Dobrudscha: δ
bei Cerna voda, Tschirghial, im Juli (Prodan)" (cf. Beck,
1930:
123,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
Romania (cf.
Vrânceanu & al. 1980; Pacureanu-Joita
& al., 1998; Gagne,
1998).
Russia
/ Rusia: "O. arenaria
M. In arena mobili ad Wolgam versus Astrachan lecta, 1803" [Province
of Astrakhan / Astrakhan Oblast, Russia]
(cf.
Wallroth,
1825: 58, loc.
class. of Orobanche cumana;
Tzvelev,
1981: 451); t.
691 f. 926 ["Caucaso: Blume, ex herb. cl.Trevirani"] f. 927 ["Specimen
Wallrothianum"] (cf. Reichenbach,
1829: 45, sub O.
cumana);
"prope Stauropolim"
[Stavropol / Stauropolis]
(cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub O.
cumana); "Hab.
in Rossia australi [ad Tanain (Henning), pr. Astrachan (M. a Bieb.), in deserto
caspio (Tauscher ex (M. a Bieb.)] et cumanensi (M. a Bieb.) et provinciis
caucasicis [pr. Stawropol
(Stavropol /
Stauropolis)] (C.A.
Meyer), ad fl. Terek [Terek
River, loc. class. of
O.
sabulosa
Steven]! (Steven pl. exs.)]..." (cf. C.F. Ledebour,
1841-1853: 322, sub O.
cumana); "In
Tatarisch
[Tatarstan,
Russia]-Grusien
[Georgia]
und Schirwan [Shirvan, Azerbaijan] auf Beifuss [Artemisia],
500-800'
hoch." (cf.
K. Koch, 1849: 670);
"...
Sarepta [Sarepta (now part of Volgograd,
Volgograd
Oblast), Southeast of the European part of Russia]
(in Xanthio strumario) Becker!" (cf.
Reichenbach,
1862: 107, sub O.
cumana);
"Sibiria
orienttali prope Ust Balei [Irkutsk
Oblast]" (Trautvetter
1871: 26, loc. class. of Orobanche glaucantha);
"Caucasus
ad Stavropol
(Stawropol /
Stauropolis)] (C.A. Mey!)" (cf. Boissier, 1879: 545, sub O.
cumana);
"Rossia: f. 4 ... Gub. Astrachan (! Astrachan, Bogdo; Sarepta), Gub.
Saratow (! Kamyschin), Gub. Simbirsk (! Syssan), Gub. Perm! in montibus
Uralensibus!, Gub. Orenburg!" (cf. Beck,
1890:
144,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana);
"Gub.
der Donschen Kosaken: am Don [Rostov
Oblast] bei
Butajsk auf Xanthium spinosum (Paczoski δ)
und
bei Taganrog [Rostov
Oblast] (Schmalhausen δ)
im Kreise Ustj-Medwedizkaja und Taganrog (J. Novopokrovsky n. 746!) auf Helianthus
annuus; Gub. Saratow
[Saratov
Oblast]: bei Saratoff, Kamyschin, Zarizyn (Persidski δ)
usw.;
Gub. Simbirsk [Ulyanovsk
Oblast]: bei Syssan (Kolakowsky δ);
Gub. Perm
[Perm Krai]
und im Ural; Gub. Orenburg [Orenburg
Oblast]; im Gub. Astrachan [Astrakhan Oblast]:
bei Astrachan, Bogdo, Sarepta [now part of Volgograd,
Volgograd
Oblast],
Dolban an der Mündung der Wolga [Astrakhan Oblast]
auf Artemisia
maritima,
im Juni (Paczoski δ);
in
Ciskaukasien: im Gub. Kuban:
auf der Halbinsel Taman (Lipsky δ,
γ), bei
Noworossisk an sandigen Stellen im Juli (Radde δ),
bei Anapa (Lipsky δ);
im Distrikte Stawropol
[Stavropol
Krai] bei
Stawropol (Lipsky δ),
Sergjewskoje (Akinfiew δ)
...
Daghestan [Republic
of Dagestan]: bei
Tezir jurt im Mai (Lipsky δ,
£); im Distr. Dargi bei Ametherk, bei 1170 m Seehöhe, im Juli (Alexeenko δ)"
(cf.
Beck,
1930: 123-124,
sub O.
cernua var.
cumana);
«Sands
in the lower reaches of the Volga and on the
Kuma rivers ("In arena
mobili deserti astracanici et cumani"). ... "O. arenaria
M. In arena mobili ad Wolgam versus Astrachan lecta, 1803"» [Astrakhan Oblast] (cf. Tzvelev,
1981: 451, sub O.
cernua subsp.
cumana); Russia
(cf.
Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Serbia:
Serbia (cf.
Škorić
& al. 2010: 64).
Slovakia
/ Eslovaquia: Slovakia (cf.
Cagáň,
2006);
"Slovakia"
(cf.
Domina
& Raab-Straube, 2010, sub O.
cumana).
inicio
/ top of page
Spain
/ España (cf. Díaz
Celayeta, 1974; Velayos, 1978; González Torres & al., 1982; Castejón Muñoz,
Romero Muñoz & García Torres, 1989; Cubero,
1994: 466, "The presence of O. cernua Loefl. (syn. O. cumana
Wallr.) in Spain is a rather recent phenomenon, the first reference dating back
to 1958;
Gagne,
1998; Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000; Pujadas
& al., 2007; Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009).
Andalusia
/ Andalucía (López
Granados & García Torres, 1992; García
Torres & al, 1994: 625, f. 2).
Cádiz:
Jerez ... Villamartín ... (cf.
García
Torres & al, 1994: 625, f. 2); "Puerto
Serrano, on cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), 3.vi.1989, J.
Oliveira (COA 13524). Jerez de la Frontera, vii.1995, J. Fernández
Escobar, CA195 (COA 28285)" (cf. Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 517).
Córdoba:
Bujalance ... Sta. Cruz ... (cf. García
Torres & al, 1994: 625, f. 2); "Valle
del Guadalquivir: de Espejo a Montemayor, c. Ermita Dos Hermanas, 30SUG5768, A.
Pujadas & J. Fuertes, COA 33962" (cf. Pujadas
& al., 2007: 14);
"Córdoba,
Finca Ruano, on cultivated sunflower, 9.vi.1993, F. Cartujo (COA 17472). Córdoba,
Parque Cruz Conde, 16.vi.1994, P. Blanco (COA 17471). Córdoba,
near Airport, on cultivated sunflower, 30.vi.1996, A. Lora (COA 22078). Córdoba,
Huerta de San Luis, on cultivated sunflower, 30SVG4092, 2.vii.1996, A. Lora
& A. Pujadas (COA 22077). Córdoba,
Cortijo del Pardito, on cultivated sunflower, 30SUG4377, 16.vii.1996, A.
Moyano & A. Pujadas (COA 22115). Puente Genil, vii.1994, J.
Alvarado, CO194 (COA 28286). Córdoba,
vii.1996, J.M. Melero, CO196 (COA 28287)."
(cf.
Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 517).
Granada:
"1986-89: ...O. cernua heavily infested ... sunflower area
...
and Huescar (Granada province)" (cf.
García
Torres & al, 1994: 625);
"Atarfe,
on cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 14.ix.1995, A. Pujadas (COA 17629)"
(cf.
Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 517).
Huelva:
"Campiña de Huelva y Condado-Aljarafe: Escacena, 23-VI-2005, E.
Sánchez-Gullón, COA 33961" (cf. Pujadas
& al., 2007: 14).
Málaga:
"1978-82:
O. cernua spread ... sunflower area ...
and Fuente Piedra (Malaga province; Gonzalez Torres & al.,
1982)"
(cf.
García
Torres & al, 1994: 624);
Campillos
... (cf. García
Torres & al, 1994: 625, f. 2); "Fuente de Piedra, [Los] Llanos de Antequera (E), 26-4-1994" (Kreutz,
1995:
90-91!);
"Antequera, on cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 3.vi.1989, J.
Oiveira (COA 13569). Campillos, on cultivated sunflower (confectionery),
13.vi.1989, J. Oliveira (COA 13525). Between Campillos and
Antequera, 20 km, on cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 13.vi.1989, J. Oliveira
(COA 13568). Near Laguna de Fuente de Piedra, on
cultivated sunflower, 8.vi.1995, A. Lora & A. Pujadas (COA
17628)." (cf.
Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 517-518).
Sevilla:
"1986-89:
...O. cernua heavily infested ... sunflower area ...
at El Coronil (Seville province)" (cf.
García
Torres & al, 1994: 625);
Lebrija ... Utrera
... Marchena ... Écija ... (cf.
García
Torres & al, 1994: 625, f. 2); "El Coronil, on cultivated sunflower, 16.vi.1986, L. García Torres
(COA 13636). Morón to El Coronil, 9 km, on cultivated sunflower (oilseed),
2.vii.1987, J. Oliveira (COA 13624). El Coronil to Morón, 7 km, on
cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 2.vii.1987, J. Oliveira (COA 13633). El
Coronil to Utrera, 15 km, on cultivated sunflower (confectionery), 2.vii.1987, J.
Oliveira (COA 13645). Osuna, 1.vii.1988, J. Oliveira, COA 28295. El
Coronil to Montellano, 10 km, on cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 1.vii.1988, J.
Oliveira (COA 13533). El Coronil to El Arahal, 12 km, on cultivated
sunflower (confectionery), 1.vii.1988, J. Oliveira (COA 13629). El
Coronil to Acabalas, 10 km, on cultivated sunflower (oilseed), 1.vii.1988, J.
Oliveira (COA 13643). Montellano, on cultivated sunflower (confectionery),
13.vi.1989, J. Oliveira (COA 13618). Osuna, vii.1989, J. Oliveira
(COA 28296). Écija, Sotillo Gallego, vii.1993, J.M. Melero, SE193 (COA
28290). Écija, Finca Pavía, vii.1994, J. Fernández, SE194 (COA 28293). Écija
to Herrera, 24 km, on cultivated sunflower, 18.v.1995, A. Pujadas (COA
17460). Écija, Finca Mencáa, vii.1996, J.M. Melero, SE296 (COA 28292).
Écija to Estepa, 3 km, 1.vii.1996, A. Pujadas, A. Lora & A.
Jiménez (COA 22079). Herrera to Écija, 3 km, 1.vii.1996, A. Pujadas,
A. Lora & A. Jiménez (COA 22080). Aznalcázar, near Guadiamar
river, on cultivated sunflower, 29SQB4232, 22.xii.1998, A. Pujadas & M.
del Río (COA 27749). Cañada del Rosal, vii.1998, J.A. Sainz de Tejada
(COA 28291). Écija, viii.1998, J.A. Sainz de Tejada (COA 28294)"
(cf. Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 519-519).
Castile
and León / Castilla y León
(cf.
Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009).
Valladolid:
"Medina del Campo"
(cf.
Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009).
Castile-La
Mancha / Castilla-La Mancha
(cf. Díaz
Celayeta, 1974; Sobrino Vesperinas
& Martínez Abad, 1980; García
Torres & al, 1994)
Cuenca:
Cuenca
(cf. Sobrino Vesperinas
& Martínez Abad, 1980); "1978-82: O. cernua spread ... sunflower
area of Cuenca
..." (cf. García
Torres & al, 1994: 624);
"Villarejo
de Penesteban, viii.1992, J.M. Melero, CU192 (COA 28288). Alcázar del
Rey, ix.1994, J.M. Melero, CU494, (COA 28289). Km. 17,800 of Cuenca road,
2.viii.1978, M. Velayos (MACB 47083)" (cf.
Pujadas
& Velasco, 2000: 517);
Cuenca, Barajas de Melo, M. Velayos (cf. Flora
iberica, sub O.
cernua [on Helianthus annuus
L.],
accessed, 21 Dec. 2010); Cuenca (cf.
Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009);
Municipality of Almendros, between la Noria and Saleguillas (at km 5, CM-3011, Almendros-Casas Luján),
parasitic on Scorzonera laciniata L. in an ancient terrace-cultivation, G. Gómez Casares &
G. Moreno Moral MM0047/2007, 12 May 2007 (herb.
Sánchez Pedraja 12840) [N.B. this is the first record of O. cumana parasitizing a wild plant in the Iberian Peninsula].
Toledo:
(cf. Díaz
Celayeta, 1974; Gonzalez Torres & al., 1982; García
Torres & al, 1994: 624, "1958: O. cernua was first
observed in Toledo ... (Díaz
Celayeta, 1974)";
Fernández
Escobar & al., 2009).
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Syria
/ Siria: "Syria:
... et fl. Chabur [Khabur
River] (f. 4 leg. Haussknecht!)" (cf.
Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana); "in der Wüste Singara und am Flusse
Chabur (Haussknecht δ)."
(cf. Beck, 1930: 124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
"Mesopotamien:
bei Tell Halaf in der Steppe bei Haus, im Mai (Kohkl! in der Expedition Frh. v.
Oppenheim) [Tell
Halaf, Al
Hasakah]"
(cf.
Beck, 1930: 128,
loc. class. of
O.
cernua var. cumana
f.
valens).
Tajikistan
/ Tayikistán: "Turkestania: prope Suidan et Pamil [Pamir]
(f. 4 leg. Kuschalkewicz) ... pr. Kuldja (4 leg. Schrenk)" (cf. Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana); "in
planitie Kickdan ad montes Gasi Machik et prope Gomut (f. 5 leg. Regel)"
(cf. Beck,
1890:
145,
loc. class. of
Orobanche
cernua f. tenuisepala);
"Turkestan:
bei Suidan umd Pamil [Pamir]
(Kuschalkewicz δ!),
auf
der Ebene Kickdan am Gasi Machik Gebirge und bei Gomut (Regel f. 6!),
bei Kuldja
(Schrenk δ!)"
(cf.
Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
Tajikistan
(cf.
Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Tunisia
/ Túnez: "Also
in northern Africa" (cf.
Kreutz,
1995:
88).
Turkmenistan
/ Turkmenistán
/ Turkmenia / Туркмения:
"Siberia uralensi: in Turkomania! (Eichw., Karelin pl. exs.)..." (cf. C.F. Ledebour,
1841-1853: 322, sub O.
cumana);
"Turkomania
(Eichw.)"
(cf. Boissier, 1879: 545, sub O.
cumana);
"Transcaspia: prope Krasnowok f. 4"
(cf. Beck,
1890: 145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana); "Transkaspien:
bei Krasnowodsk"
(cf.
Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana); Turkmenistan
(cf.
Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Turkey
/ Turquía:
"Phrygien [Phrygia]"
(cf.
Beck, 1930: 124); "In 1983/85 more than 50% of the Thracia [Eastern
Thrace] sunflowers in northern Turkey was infested" (cf. Petzoldt
& Sneyd, 1986); Turkey (cf.
Bulbul
& al., 1991;
Gagne,
1998; Kaya
& al., 2004);
SW Asia (cf. Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
Ukraine
/ Ucrania: "In arenosis Podoliae" (cf.
Reuter,
1847: 32, sub O. cernua
var. bicolor);
"Podolia
(Podilia / Podillya /
Поділля
/
Подолье)
australi a Bessero indicata"
(cf.
Reichenbach,
1862: 107, sub O.
cumana);
"Russische
Länder: Ukraine: in Bessarabien bei Tatar-Bunar (Zelenetzky δ)
um Reni (Herb. Besser δ),
Pandaclia (Grintescu δ);
Gub. Gherson: bei Odessa (Schmalhausen, Engler (δ),
Cherson (Paczoski δ),
Gub. Jekaterinoslaw [Dnipropetrovsk]:
um Jekaterinoslaw, im Sept. (Alexeenko δ),
im Distrikte Alexandrowsk [Zaporizhia
Oblast] bei Nowohupolowka, im August-November auf Helianthus und Lycopersicum
(Alexeenko δ);
im Distrikte Nowomoskowa, im Juli (Alexeenko δ)"
(cf. Beck,
1930: 123-124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
"Ukraine"
(cf.
Domina
& Raab-Straube, 2010, sub O.
cumana).
Crimea
/ Krym:
"Tauria
[Crimea
/ Krym]"
(cf.
Reuter, 1847: 32, sub O.
cumana);
"Rossia
mer. (Tauria)" (cf. Nyman,
1854-1855);
"Sudak
[Sudaq /
Судак] Steven! ..."
(cf.
Reichenbach,
1862: 107, sub O.
cumana);
"Tauria
(M.B.)"
(cf. Boissier, 1879: 545, sub O.
cumana);
"Rossia:
f. 4 in Gubernia Tauria (! desertum Nogaiorum, Jalta etc.)"
(cf. Beck,
1890:
144,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana); "in
der Krim und Taurien: bei Aleschki (Paczoski ß,
δ)
... Jalta,
Nikita und Kertsch, im April bis Juni (Paczoski δ), um
Kopsel (A. Callier δ), um
Simeiis (Golde δ!
auch f. 4), bei Balaklava, Inkermann, Sudak (Fedtschenko δ!)
auf der Halbinsel Kercz (Klopotow δ)
im Mai-Juli"
(cf. Beck,
1930: 123-124,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
"In
der Krim [Crimea
/ Krym]
bei Oreanda (V. Golde! in Herb. Petersburg. [LE]
unter O. alba)"
(cf. Beck,
1930: 128,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana
f.
taurica); "RK"
(cf. Greuter
& al.,
1989: 258,
sub O.
cernua
subsp. cumana);
"near Yevpatoriya, Crimea [Crimea
/ Krym],
UA, (KW)" (cf.
Tzvelev,
1981: 451;
view
IPNI entry; Schlauer
& al., 2003, loc. class. of
O.
sarmatica);
"Crimea"
(cf.
Domina
& Raab-Straube, 2010, sub O.
cumana).
Uzbekistan
/
Uzbekistán:
"Chiwa [Xiva
/ Хива, Choresmien / Xorazm / Choresm Province]:
(4 leg. Korolkow et Krause)"
(cf. Beck,
1890:
145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana;
Beck,
1930:
125,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana);
"Bokhara [Bukhara]:
in monte Taschbulak district. Hissar (f. 4 leg. Regel)"
(cf. Beck,
1890:
145,
sub O.
cernua f. cumana);
Uzbekistan
(cf.
Zhang
& Tzvelev, 1998,
sub O.
cernua var. cumana).
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